The Effect of Different Pear Rootstocks on the Performance of Pear Cultivars Grown in Semi-Arid Climate and High Calcareous Soil Conditions

Abstract

Rootstocks in fruit growing affect the performances of the cultivated varieties which have been overgrown, such as tree growth, yield, earliness, fruit quality, flowering, fruit setting, the content of nutrients in leaves and fruits. In this study, in summer very high temperatures seen in the GAP Region (Sanliurfa-Turkey), and high lime soil conditions with a ratio in wild quince seedling, clonal Quince A (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) and BA 29 (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) some pear cultivars budded on rootstocks performance was studied. In the study, some pomological and phenological characteristics of 6 pear cultivars (Abbe Fetel, Akça, Bella di Giugno, Coscia, Deveci, and Dr. Jules Guyot) planted in 2004 in Sanliurfa conditions were determined. Bud swell and bud bursting occurred on different rootstocks in March, and flowering occurred in April. Among the pear cultivars, the earliest flowering cultivar of pear was Akça (27 March), while the earliest fruit ripens variety was Bela di Giugno (01 July). Among the varieties, The latest fruit ripening was determined in the Deveci cultivar. Among the pear varieties studied, the heaviest (451.16 g), the widest (92.28 mm) and the largest volume (428.39 cm3) of fruits were Deveci on the clonal Quince A rootstock, while the longest fruit was Abbe Fetel (114.64 mm) and the highest fruit flesh firmness was determined Deveci cultivar (19.22 kg/cm2) budded on seedling rootstock. The total soluble solid matter content in the cultivars varied from 13.50-15.95% and the titratable acid content varied from 0.33-0.56%.