The Role of Family Support in the Mental Health of High School Students

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescence is a stage marked by intense biopsychosocial changes, making young people vulnerable to the development of mental disorders. Mental health is a public health issue with particular relevance during adolescence, with the prevalence of mental disorders ranging from 10% to 20% according to the WHO. In this context, family support emerges as a crucial factor for students' mental health and academic performance. Although public policies have sought to strengthen family bonds and expand psychosocial support. The absence of secure emotional bonds can impair emotional and social development, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged settings. Objective: The study aimed to analyse the influence of family support on the mental health of high school students, considering its impact on emotional well-being and academic performance. Methodology: This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, based on a bibliographic review of scientific works published between 2020 and 2025. The search was conducted in the PubMed database using descriptors related to students, mental health, and family support. Inclusion criteria focused on full-text publications directly aligned with the topic. Results and Discussion: The analysis revealed that active parental presence, open dialogue, and emotional support are fundamental elements for adolescent mental health. Dysfunctional family environments, with histories of violence, neglect, or parental absence, were associated with higher levels of emotional distress, anxiety, and depression. In contrast, structured and affective family contexts promoted secure bonds, emotional regulation, and improved academic performance, as well as greater motivation and self-esteem. Conclusion: Family support is a determining factor for the psychological and academic well-being of adolescents. Public policies and school practices should integrate the family as a central axis in promoting mental health and preventing disorders among young people.