Prevalence and Implications of Overactive Bladder in Bangladeshi Women: Risk Factors, Quality of Life Decline, and Economic Impact

Abstract

Background: Overactive Bladder (OAB) is a clinical syndrome characterized by urgency, with or without urgency incontinence, and is often accompanied by frequency and nocturia. Despite its significant impact on women's quality of life, comprehensive studies addressing the prevalence, risk factors, and broader implications of OAB in Bangladeshi women are scarce. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 1984 Bangladeshi women was conducted, utilizing a structured questionnaire to assess the prevalence of OAB, its associated risk factors, symptom severity, comorbid conditions, and its societal and economic impacts. Chi-square tests were employed to ascertain the statistical significance of findings. Results: The prevalence of OAB in the studied population was 14%. Identified risk factors included age, childbirth, smoking, and high caffeine intake, among others. A considerable association was established between OAB and reduced quality of life, with symptom severity further exacerbating this relationship. Additionally, comorbid conditions like diabetes and hypertension were notably prevalent among the participants. From an economic perspective, OAB was linked to a significant number of missed workdays and considerable out-of-pocket expenses. Conclusion: The study accentuates the substantial prevalence and multi-faceted implications of OAB in Bangladeshi women. The findings call for an integrated approach in OAB management, incorporating it into broader women's health and public health strategies in Bangladesh. Early detection, increased awareness, and access to effective treatments are paramount for the betterment of affected women's lives.