Resveratrol, Reactive Oxygen Species, and the Science of Aging: A Mini Review

Abstract

Aging is an inevitable biological process that affects all organs, including the skin. It is influenced by both intrinsic (genetic, hormonal, and metabolic changes) and extrinsic factors (environmental exposure, pollution, and UV radiation). A key contributor to aging is oxidative stress, driven by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage cellular structures, including DNA, lipids, and proteins. The accumulation of ROS leads to skin aging by degrading collagen and elastin, disrupting cellular function, and triggering inflammatory responses. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found in grapes, has been recognized for its strong antioxidant and anti-aging properties. It neutralizes ROS, enhances endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity, and modulates cellular signaling pathways involved in oxidative stress and inflammation. By reducing oxidative damage, resveratrol helps maintain skin health and slows the aging process. This review highlights the mechanisms of skin aging, the role of ROS, and the protective effects of resveratrol. Resveratrol presents a promising natural intervention for preventing and mitigating age-related skin deterioration.