Morpho-Cultural Variability Characterization of Bipolaris oryzae Causing Brown Leaf Spot of Rice in Jammu Sub-Tropics

Abstract

Extensive fortnightly surveys were undertaken in major rice growing districts of Jammu division to study cultural and morphological variability amongst the isolates of brown leaf spot disease causing fungus (Bipolaris oryzae). Based on disease severity 24 isolates (BO1 to BO24) were divided into three groups (I, II and III). Group ‘I’ comprised 11 isolates with disease severity values between 51.22-67.44% and categorized under highly virulent and group ‘II’ comprised disease severity values between 43.17-48.17% and were categorized under moderately virulent isolates. Group ‘III’ included eight isolates with disease severity value between 26.11-38.17% and categorized under less virulent isolates. On the basis of colony growth pattern, margin and colour, the isolates were categorized into 4 groups (A, B, C and D). Group A comprised of six isolates had entire margin, circular form, umbonate elevation with smooth surface and black to fluffy growth. Eleven isolates were categorised under group B developed colonies with undulated margin, irregular form, umbonate elevation with grey fluffy growth and greyish colour. Group C comprised three isolates had undulated margin, irregular form, umbonate elevation with smooth surface. Group D contained four isolates developed entire margin, circular form; raised elevation with wrinkled surface, mycelium was grey which turned to black and showed grey to black pigmentation. The largest conidial size was recorded in isolate BO1 (98.43-101×24.54-25.54 µm). The conidia developed mean septa of 4.5-7.4 with straight to curve shaped. The sporulation of different isolates of B. oryzae ranged between 6.1-7.6×106 spores/ml.