Demographic and Clinical Profile Analysis of Acute Viral Hepatitis -A Patients in Bangladesh: A Single-Center Study

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis A is an infectious disease of the liver caused by Hepatovirus A (HAV); it is a type of viral hepatitis. Especially in the young, many cases have few or no symptoms. The symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, fever, and abdominal pain typically last usually 8 weeks or less. Around 10-15% of people experience a recurrence of symptoms during the 6 months after the initial infection. Acute liver failure may rarely occur, with this being more common in the elderly. An increase in acute hepatitis A (AHA) cases has been notified in Bangladesh frequently. Objective: In this study, our main goal is to evaluate the demographic & clinical profile of acute viral hepatitis A patient in Bangladesh. Methods: This prospective study included 23 patients ranging from 5->40 years of AVH, admitted to tertiary care hospitals. Patients with recent onset of jaundice, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, or mixed hyperbilirubinemia, and positive serum report of immunoglobulin M were included in the study. Results: During the study, the majority belonged to the 5-10 year’s age group, 52.2%, and the majority were male, 75.0%. The male female ratio was 3:1. Mean serum bilirubin was 25.20±95.08, S.GPT ALT was 922.61±955.46, serum alkaline Phosphatase was 560.88±397.21, and C Reactive Protein was positive in all cases. Moreover, the electrolytic imbalance was observed where S. Sodium was 142.00±0.00, Serum Creatinine 23.55±31.75 and Serum Albumin 36.00±0.00 Conclusion: In our study, AVH A is seen as an infection in childhood, this infection was also seen in adolescents and adults, which causes liver damage. Improvement in hygiene and socioeconomic conditions, and routine immunization needs to take to decrease the severity of the AVHA.