Stability Analysis in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes under Different Environmental Conditions

Abstract

This investigation aimed to assess the interactions between G X E and identify stable genotypes for yield traits in wheat. They conducted the experiment with 30 different wheat genotypes using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications. Additionally, they planted the wheat genotypes on three different sowing dates at the ZARS farm college of Agriculture Powarkheda, JNKVV, Jabalpur during the Rabi Season of 2022-2023.The analysis of variance was performed on 13 different quantitative traits, both individually and pooled over different environmental conditions. The stability analysis, specifically for grain yield per plant, was carried out using Eberhart and Russell's model. The results showed significant variations among different genotypes and environmental conditions. This indicates that the performance of the wheat genotypes was influenced by both their genetic constitute and the specific growing conditions.The analysis revealed that the mean squares associated with both environmental factors and genotype-environment interactions (E + G x E) demonstrated significant interactions between the genotypes and environments in which they were grown. Furthermore, they found that the partitioning of G X E (linear) interactions was highly significant for grain yield per plant. This suggests that the choice of genotype can significantly impact the yield of wheat in different environmental conditions. Based on the findings, two genotypes GW 322 and MP 3336 were identified as ideal and stable genotypes for grain yield per plant. These genotypes exhibited a mean value higher than the population mean, a regression coefficient close to unity (Bi=1), and minimal deviation from regression (S2di~0). These stable genotypes can be recommended for cultivation in various seasons and different growing regions, as they are likely to consistently perform well and produce stable yields under different environmental conditions. These identified genotypes can be used to improve wheat cultivation and achieve reliable production.