Study of Acoustic Waves in a Teaching Classroom using Finite Element Method

Abstract

Aims: To understand the behavior of acoustic waves in a specific classroom in order to get a configuration of panels and ceilings configuration to improve reception and clarity of internal sounds. This was possible by the modification of the properties of the enclosure, sush as the absorption coefficients of internal surfaces. The analysis was carried out through the implementation of a model by using Finite Element Method. Study Design: The acoustic behavior that enclosure for academic use require is discussed, indicating that it is common to find deficiencies in the acoustic architecture of enclosures, and the risks that this causes to cognitive and academic development, as a consequence of low understanding. Place and Duration of Study: Graduate Engineering Department, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, between August 2020 and June 2021. Methodology: The problem is solved by applying the finite element method. This implies that the essential concepts for the understanding of this subject are reviewed, such as; acoustic physics, mechanics of the continuous medium and finite element method. Results: After multiple analized scenarios, it was observed that while there is an absorption greater than the surface, the material of the panel or ceiling is not relevant. On the other hand, the size and surface where is located the panels turned out to be more relevant parameters. Conclusion: Considering the proposed alternatives, an increase in the Sound Pressure Level and a uniform distribution can be observed. The use of computational tools help to understand the behavior and distribution of acoustic waves in the classroom, which can provide an overview of different adaptations.