Lithiasis of the Main Biliary Tract: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Features: Case Series Report

Abstract

Common bile duct stones is a common condition that can regularly face any digestive surgeon. Our goal is to study the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of the common bile duct stones in digestive surgery department at the CHU IBN ROCHD CASABLANCA, then compare them to the literature, Through a retrospective study including 81 patients with common bile duct stones, during a 4-year period between 1 January 2014 and 31 January 2018. The percentage of female was 76, while men accounted for only 23%, with an average age of 60 years with an increase in the frequency with age, reaching a max frequency between 50 and 80 years. Hepatic colic, vomiting, fever, and jaundice are the most common clinical signs presented by the patients in this study. Biological cholestasis was detected in 52%, hepatic cytolysis in 38% of cases. ultrasound was performed in 76 patients and confirmed it by showing the stones in the common bile duct in 38 patients.The bili-MRI was performed in 74 patients,confirmed a common bile duct stones in 63. 52 patients received a laparotomy, while 26 received a laparoscopy, and 3 patients received an endoscopic treatment. External biliary drainage was performed in 10 patients, an internal drainage in 51 patients. Postoperative complications have been noted in 2 cases, and one case of death. The common bile duct exposes to serious risks such as acute cholangitis and acute pancreatitis, treatment is therefore imperative and urgent in front of any common bile duct stone to avoid these complications.