The Role of Alcohol Consumption in Cardiovascular Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

There remains a debate on the effects of alcohol use on cardiovascular health. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the relationship between this link and blood pressure, lipid profiles, and the frequency of cardiovascular events to shed light on it. A comprehensive search strategy using PRISMA guidelines resulted in nine papers that met the inclusion requirements. Moderate alcohol usage was shown to have a U- or J-shaped connection with cardiovascular events; excessive intake or abstinence was associated with increased risk, but moderate consumption had preventive advantages. Moderate drinkers showed positive changes in their lipid profiles and lowered blood pressure in comparison to heavy or non-drinkers. The wide range of research highlights the need to consider individual characteristics and study techniques. Despite the potential cardiovascular benefits of moderate alcohol use shown by these studies, treatment recommendations should be cautious. To provide personalized recommendations to patients and policymakers, future research should focus on explaining mechanisms, examining modifiers, and assessing the effects of different types of alcohol and drinking habits on cardiovascular health.