Ulcerative Fistulizing Ileitis Presenting a Diagnostic Dilemma between Crohn’s Disease and Intestinal Behçet’s Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review
N. Bouhdoud, A. Sadik, F. Machayi, H. Aouroud, O. Nacir, F. Lairani, A. Ait Errami, S. Oubaha, Z. Samlani, K. Krati
International Research Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · pp. 192–197 · Published 16 Jun 2026
10.9734/irjgh/2026/v9i1151Abstract
Behçet’s disease is a rare systemic vasculitis that can affect the gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal involvement, or enteric Behçet’s disease, can mimic Crohn’s disease, making the differential diagnosis complex, particularly in chronic and fistulizing forms. We report the case of a 37-year-old man being treated for Behçet’s disease, presenting with ulcerative ileitis with pelvic fistulas, bilateral osteonecrosis of the femoral heads, and a prolonged course of the disease. Imaging findings and the lack of response to Behçet’s disease treatment led, following multidisciplinary consultation, to a diagnosis of Crohn’s disease. This case illustrates the diagnostic challenges posed by intestinal forms of Behçet’s disease that mimic chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
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