Microsatellite Instability Status in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients at National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH), Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Till now, GC treatments strategy is not based on molecular basis like other malignancy such as breast cancer, rectal cancer etc. The role of microsatellite instability in gastric cancer management is promising. The combination of molecular classifications with clinicopathological data could contribute to the individualization of patients and to the development of new therapeutic strategies. Methods: This prospective cross section observational study was carried out in the department of Surgical Oncology at NICRH from July, 2023 to June, 2024. The results were matched with clinicopathological factors and tumor status to find their association. Data was analyzed with SPSS for Windows (V.27) software and found significant when p-value < 0.05 Results: A total 33 patients were enrolled for analysis. Among 33 patients, 06 (18.18%) patients were diagnosed as MSI-H and 27 (81.81%) patients were diagnosed as MSS. Mean age was 56.18 (±12.14) years. Among MSS group most of the tumors were pT3 tumor (94.12%) where in MSI-H group most of the tumors were pT2 tumor (42.9%). There was also significant association between pathological nodal status (pN) with microsatellite status (p<0.05). Among MSS group most of the tumors nodal status were pN (46.20%) where in MSI-H group all tumors nodal status were pN0 tumor (100.0 %).  On the other hand, there was a no significant association between LVI status with Microsatellite status. LVI was present in 16 cases out of 33 cases where 93.75% cases founded in MSS group where 6.25% cases was present in MSI-H group (p>0.05). Conclusion: For prognostic and predictive purposes, as well as for correlation with particular clinicopathological characteristics, MSI status in GC must be determined.