Versatility of 3D Miniplate over Conventional Non-Compression Miniplate Fixation in Mandibular Fracture

Abstract

Background: The surgical management of mandibular fractures has historically been divided between rigid and semi-rigid fixation techniques. To overcome the limitations of these approaches, three-dimensional (3D) miniplates were developed. Objectives: The primary objective was to compare the stabilization efficacy of the 3D miniplate system versus the conventional Champy’s miniplate for mandibular fracture fixation. Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted at Dhaka Dental College & Hospital from April 2014 to March 2015. Thirty patients with mandibular fractures were randomly allocated to receive ORIF with either 3D miniplates (Group A, n=15) or conventional Champy's miniplates (Group B, n=15). Operating time was recorded, and patients were followed for 24 weeks to assess stability, occlusion, and complications. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 with appropriate statistical tests. Ethical approval was obtained, and all participants provided informed consent. Results: The mean operative time was significantly shorter for the 3D miniplate group (44.3 min) versus the conventional group (56.4 min) (p=0.030). Postoperative occlusal disturbance was minimal and comparable at 1 week (3D: 13.3%, Conventional: 6.7%, p=0.666), resolving completely in both groups by 4 weeks. Complication rates were similarly low and statistically insignificant (4-week: 3D 6.7% vs Conventional 13.3%, p=0.608). Both systems achieved 100% fracture union with equivalent stability. Conclusion: The 3D miniplate system demonstrated a significant reduction in operative time compared to conventional miniplates, while providing equivalent fracture stability and postoperative outcomes. It is a versatile and efficient alternative for the internal fixation of mandibular fractures.