Molecular Detection of Herpes Simplex 1, 2 and Human Cytomegalovirus in Chronic Periodontitis Patients in Khartoum State, Sudan

Abstract

Background: Herpes virus infected periodontal sites tend to show tissue breakdown more frequently than herpes virus free sites, and this active infection is associated with increased risk of progressive periodontal disease, Herpes viruses can reduce the host defense system via infecting and altering the functions of monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes as antigen presenting cells in periodontitis lesions and this effect may hamper tissue turnover and repair. Objective: Study was aimed to detect the frequency of HSV 1, 2 and CMV in Sudanese patients with chronic Periodontitis infection. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Khartoum state, during period from March 2022 to January 2023. 50 Saliva samples were collected from chronic Periodontitis infected patients, was extracted, and subjected to PCR test to detect the frequency of HSV 1, 2 and CMV in each sample. Results: Three out of 50 patients with chronic Periodontitis the frequency of HSV 1, 2 was 06% (03/50), 2 cases were from 25-45 age group, one case was from 46-65 age group (P. value = 0.57),  one case was male, while 2 cases were females (P. value = 0.33). While no CMV was found in their saliva samples. Conclusion: The results of present study, reveal that the frequency of HSV 1, 2 among Sudanese patients with chronic Periodontal infection was low (06%), while CMV was not found.