Investigation of Urine Samples for Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Analysis of Bacterial Pathogens from Suspected Urinary Tract Infected Patients of Bangladesh

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common community-acquired bacterial infection affecting people of all age groups and both sexes.  Aims: This study was performed to isolate bacterial pathogens usually cause community-acquired uncomplicated UTI and to evaluate their sensitivity against 9 different antibiotics. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Department of Microbiology, Jessore Medical College and Hospital of Bangladesh during the period from November, 2015 to February 2016. Methodology: One hundred and fifty urine samples were collected from patients who were suspected of having UTI. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified using conventional cultural and biochemical methods. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar media was used for the determination of sensitivity of the positive isolates to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 20 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Our research showed that Escherichia coli was the most common causative agent of UTI (50.68%), followed by Pseudomonas species (17.81%), Streptococcus species (13.70%), Staphylococcus aureus(10.96%), Klebsiella species (4.11%) and Proteus species (2.74%). The number of Gram-negative bacteria (75.34%) was higher than the Gram-positive bacteria (24.66%). In this study, UTI was more prevalent in females (84.93%) in comparison to males (15.07%). Antimicrobial susceptibility results for E. coli are as follows: Cefixime (94.59%), Cephalexin (91.89%), Azithromycin (89.19%), Ciprofloxacin (83.78%), Co-trimoxazole (81.08%), Gentamycin (75.68%), Amikacin (51.35%), Amoxicillin (21.62%) and Nalidixic acid (8.10%). More than 90% of the isolated uropathogens were susceptible to Cefixime (94.52%), Cephalexin (94.52%) and Azithromycin (93.15%) and less than 20% were susceptible to Nalidixic acid (13.69 %). Conclusion: Among the uropathogens, E. coli (50.68%) was the most predominant bacteria in both gender and different age groups. Cefixime (94.52%), Cephalexin (94.52%) and Azithromycin (93.15%) were the most effective drugs and Nalidixic acid (13.69%) was the least effective drug for the treatment of UTI.