Epidemiological Study of Soil-Transmitted Helminthic among Primary School Pupils in Jega, Kebbi State, Nigeria

Abstract

An assessment study to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with soil-transmitted helminthiasis was carried out between Augusts to November 2017 in Jega local government area of Kebbi state, Nigeria. Stool samples were collected from each participant and structured questionnaire applied. Stool samples were examined for geo-helminthiasis by formal-ether concentration technique. A total of 200 primary school pupils were examined for soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STHs) and 43(21.5%) were found infected with different geo-helminth species. Logistic regression analysis indicates that the infection was associated with: Farming occupation (OR= 4.47, P <0.0001, 95% CI=2.20-9.09), Gender (Odds Ratio=3.295, P = .01, 95% CI = 1.58-6.89), source of drinking water (OR = 2.55, P = .01, 95% CI = 1.28-5.07 for well water) and Regular hands washing (OR=2.46, P = .03, 95% CI=1.13-5.33). In this study, it was concluded that unhygienic behavioural variables, certain environmental and socio-demographic factors predicted the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in the area. Sustainable intervention measures should include public health education, access to clean water, improved in the standard of living and adequate sanitation.