A Clinical Trail of Silver Diamine Fluoride Application on Children’s Primary Teeth to Arrested Carious Lession among Preschool Children, Vientiane: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Introduction: Recent studies indicate a double increase of the prevalence and severity of Early Child Dental Caries (ECC) in Vientiane. Aim: This study is to deliver Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to prevent dental caries progression among children who attending Pre-school in Vientiane Capital. Methods: Children was having an oral examination for dental caries using the Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment (CAST) index. Only the children with caries lesions in enamel and dentine was receive SDF. An evaluation of SDF was occurred after three months fellow-up between intervention and control group. A 24-hr phone call/whatapp was be implemented to address any concerns or clinical events after SDF application and before the follow-up time. Chi-square or student T-test was used to compare caries status against sociodemographic characteristics, parents’ acceptance, and caries status. Results: A total of 400 children, mean age was 4.3 [0.8] year. In baseline, 77.8 % reported dental caries in intervention group and 74.4% in control group, there were increasing of prevalence dental caries in control group 84.3% and 74.2% in intervention group after 3 month follow up (p=0.045). Furthermore, after 3 months follow up, there is little change in the control group on mean number of decayed enamel or decayed dentin. However, the mean number of deep lesions increased from 0.74 to 1.13 pulp lesions from 0.64 to 0.82, and soft-tissue lesions. In the intervention group, the mean number of decayed enamel decreased from 1.80 to 1.11, decayed dentin decreased from 2.37 to 1.07. That because of the carious lesion arrested to enamel and dentin. There was statistically significant p=0.001. The postoperative sign and symptoms and satisfied from parental after apply Silver Diamine Fluoride is good report for initial to use SDF controlling of dental caries progression. Conclusion: The study provide information of SDF treatment can be prevent and controlling caries progress in children due to ECC high prevalence, the effectives of SDF treatment to prevent dental caries, long term follow up is needed and necessary for evidence of effectiveness with low cost.