Therapeutic Potential of Agaricus bisporus Extract against Oxidative Stress in Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction: An Experience with Wistar Rats

Abstract

Background: Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) is an edible mushroom native to grasslands in Europe and North America. A. bisporus, commonly known as white button mushroom (WBM), is widely grown in most countries, especially in United States, Australia and Nigeria. Traditionally, this fungus is used in the treatment of heart diseases and it has also been found effective against cancer, cholesterol reduction, stress management, insomnia, asthma, allergies and diabetes. Aim: The present research was designed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Agaricus bisporus extract against oxidative stress in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods: Thirty (30) wistar rats of both sexes weighing approximately 180 g were randomly grouped into five groups of six animals per group, per cage. Groups A, B and C animals were designated as Agaricus bisporus treatment group and were pre-treated with the ethanol extract at 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg respectively, for 14 days and thereafter 0.2 ml isoproterenol (ISO) at 150 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at an interval of 24 h on the 15th and 16th day. Group D animals were designated as isoproterenol control and were administered 0.2 ml of 10 mg lisinopril for 14 days and thereafter 0.2 ml isoproterenol (ISO) at 150 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at an interval of 24 h on the 15th and 16th day while group E animals (designated as vehicle control group) were administered 0.2 ml distilled water for 14 days; and on the 15th and 16th day, 0.2 ml isoproterenol (ISO) at 150 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at an interval of 24 h. At the end of the experimental period, the animals were anesthetized with chloroform vapor and sacrificed. A 5 ml sterile syringe with needle was used for blood collection through cardiac puncture and the sera obtained were used for bioassay studies. Assay of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities as well as malondialdehyde concentrations were carried out with standard assay kit sourced from Randox laboratories Ltd, United Kingdom with maximum adherence to the manufacturer’s instruction. Results: Figs. 3 to 7 showed the result of this research. The result shows a significant increase (P<0.05) in all the parameters - SOD activities, catalase activities, MDA concentration, AST activities, and ALT activities (Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7) in the groups treated with Agaricus bisporus extracts (groups A, B, and C) in a dose-dependent manner when compared to the standard control group (group D) and the untreated control group (group E). Conclusion: The outcomes of this research have shown that the administration of Agaricus bisporus extract (ABE) significantly modulated key oxidative stress markers and liver enzymes in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats.