Prevalence and Control of Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Nosocomial Pathogens Isolated from Hospital Wards (Surgical, Medical, Paediatric and Labor Unit)

Abstract

Introduction: Nosocomial infection have increased and gained attention because of high isolation rates of multi drug resistant (MDR) organism in admitted and out patients in hospitals with complicated infectious ailments. The spread of multi drug resistant organisms among critically ill, hospitalized patients and subsequent epidemics, have become an increasing cause of concern. A recent manifestation of multi drug resistant organisms that has attracted public attention due to high mortality and morbidity rate is alarming. Aims: To access the prevalence of multidrug resistant nosocomial pathogens in hospitalized patients. Materials & Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study from January 2013 to December 2017.Almost 700 hospitalized and out patients who acquired nosocomial infections (NI) were enrolled, with the permission of ethical and research review committee and with the informed consent to the patient and attendant. Clinical samples were analysed for antibiotic sensitivity pattern by Kirby Baur method according to CLSI guidelines [15]. Results: Data analysis showed that 63% were female patients and 37% were male patients included. Almost 37% prevalence of etiological agents was found. Predominant were E.coli, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp, and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic resistance rate was found very high i.e up to 55 - 90% against commonly prescribed antibiotics in hospitalized and out patients having nosocomial infection resulting complicated infections. Conclusion: Emergence of MDR strains in nosocomial infection (NI) is a matter of great concern and warrant investigation. There is need to adopt infection control strategies in public and private secondary tertiary care hospitals.