Assessment of Microalbuminuria, Glycemic Status, Urea and Creatinine in Newly Diagnosed Hypertensive Individuals
Samson Ojedokun, Abdulkareem Salawu, Joel Akande, Adeola Awodoye
International Journal of Advances in Nephrology Research · pp. 232–241 · Published 24 Sep 2026
10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i1104Abstract
Background: Microalbuminuria (MAU) serves as a risk indicator for cardiovascular events as well as the onset of kidney disease. Elevated rates of urinary albumin excretion could indicate target organ damage, particularly renal disease, a process that may take time to manifest overtly in apparently healthy individuals with undiagnosed hypertension or diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to assess MAU, glycaemic status, urea and creatinine in newly diagnosed hypertensive individuals. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional descriptive design involving 117 participants aged above 18 years who were newly diagnosed with hypertension and were drug-naïve. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain biodata. Anthropometric measurements included weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, body mass index and percentage body fat. Blood specimens were collected for fasting plasma glucose, plasma urea and creatinine, while spot urine samples were collected for microalbumin analysis. Results: The mean systolic blood pressure was 155.60 ± 18.00 mmHg, while the mean diastolic blood pressure was 93.40 ± 15.28 mmHg. The majority of participants were in Stage 2 hypertension [108 (92.3%)]. Obesity was observed in 22 (18.8%), hyperglycaemia in 11 (9.4%), high urea levels in 7 (6.0%), while 25 (21.4%) had high creatinine levels. MAU was positive in 23 (19.7%). In addition, 3 (2.6%) had haematuria, 7 (6.0%) had glucosuria and 21 (17.9%) had proteinuria. There was a statistically significant correlation between microalbuminuria and BMI (χ² = 4.241, p = 0.039), haematuria (χ² = 4.308, p = 0.038) and proteinuria (χ² = 104.601, p < 0.001). Microalbuminuria was significantly positively correlated with both creatinine (r = 0.445, p < 0.001) and urea (r = 0.455, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The presence of MAU was demonstrated in drug-naïve hypertensive individuals, with positive correlations with body mass index and markers of glomerular function.
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