Co-infection of Newcastle Disease and Avian Colibacillosis in a 4-week-old Broiler Flock in Maiduguri, Nigeria
Francis Enenche Ejeh, Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal, Akange-Ejeye Nguavese Emmanuella, Laleye Agnes Tinuke, Olaolu Olushola Samuel, Jonathan Musa Dagare, Mohammed Usman Sajo, Abdul-Dahiru El-Yuguda
South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology · pp. 34–40 · Published 13 Jan 2025
10.9734/sajrm/2025/v19i1413Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) and avian colibacillosis (AC) outbreak occurred in a 200-bird commercial broiler flock in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Despite vaccinations, the flock experienced a 60% morbidity and 45% mortality rate. Symptoms observed among the flock included weakness, inappetence, diarrhea, nervous signs, and emaciation. Laboratory tests confirmed ND and AC infections. Haemagglutination and haemagglutination inhibition was used to identify NDV infection while bacteriological culture and identification was used isolated Escherichia coli (E. coli). The outbreak highlights the economic impact of these diseases on the poultry industry in Nigeria. Recommendations include improved biosecurity measures, regular vaccination, and timely treatment of secondary bacterial infections. Public health concerns also arise due to the zoonotic potential of ND. The vaccine failure in this case may be due to break in cold chain due to power outage, antigenic variation or inappropriate handling. Further research is needed to investigate vaccine failures and develop more effective prevention strategies.
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