Nano Urea: Predictive Insights and Real-World Implications for Sustainable Agriculture
Ajay Laxman Ghule, Vijaya Rawat, Vishal Johar, Rajlakshami Nilesh Raut, Abhishek Ashok Jadhav
Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology · pp. 546–558 · Published 17 Apr 2025
10.9734/jabb/2025/v28i42213Abstract
Nitrogen is essential for agriculture, yet conventional urea loses over 60% of its applied nitrogen, causing environmental harm. Nano urea, engineered as nanoparticles (20–100 nm) via chemical and green synthesis, enhances nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) to 60–80%, nearly double that of conventional urea. It enables targeted nutrient delivery, increasing crop yields (15–30%) and improving fruit quality, including higher sugar content (15–20%) and extended shelf life (30%). Environmentally, it reduces ammonia volatilization (40–60%), nitrous oxide emissions (30–50%), and nitrate leaching (50–70%), enhancing climate resilience. Despite higher initial costs, it lowers input expenses by $80–120/hectare. Challenges include soil variability, ecological risks, and adoption barriers. Future advancements in precision agriculture, CRISPR-edited crops, and agro-waste-derived carriers could enhance its sustainability. Aligned with SDGs 2 and 13, nano urea offers a climate-smart agricultural solution, balancing food security with environmental preservation.
Cited by 4
Mostafa Gaber Refaai, Hassan A. Rudayni, Ahmed A. Allam · Environmental Research · 2025
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