Acute Cholecystitis in Patient with Situs Inversus Totalis: Two Case Reports

Abstract

A rare disorder called situs inversus partialis (SIP) is characterized by the transposition of organs in the abdomen or thoracic cavity from one side of the body to the other (the mirror image of normal). Autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, rare genetic mutations, and X-linked recessive inheritance patterns have been identified to be involved in this condition. Laparoscopic cholecystectomies have been successfully performed on patients with SIT. Due to challenges in spatial orientation and the identification of anatomical variations brought on by the abdominal organs' mirror image, surgery is more complicated and takes longer. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains the gold standard treatment for acute cholecystitis, even in patients with SIT. However, the procedure is more technically demanding due to the altered anatomy, particularly for right-handed surgeons. We present two cases of acute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis in patients with situs inversus totalis (SIT). The first case involves a 30-year-old female patient who underwent an open cholecystectomy. The second case is of a 30-year-old male patient who recently underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy.