Transforming Greek Primary Education through Information Systems: Trends and Challenges

Abstract

Aims: This study examines the digital transformation of Greek primary education through the integration of Information Systems (IS). It aims to analyze historical developments, current usage trends, benefits, challenges, and future prospects, while aligning these with European Union (EU) digital education strategies. Study Design: A qualitative, descriptive academic review synthesizing national data, case studies, and policy analyses. Place and Duration of Study: Primary schools across Greece; data and developments reviewed cover the period from the 1980s to 2025. Methodology: The research involved a comprehensive review of national education policies, EU strategic documents, technological deployment records, teacher training programs, and academic studies. Case studies were included to illustrate practical IS integration. Key areas analyzed included infrastructure development, platform adoption, pedagogical practices, administrative innovations, and alignment with the EU Digital Education Action Plan 2021–2027. Results: Findings reveal significant advancements: nearly all schools now have internet access, modern digital tools, and national platforms like Photodentro, e-Class, and the Digital School portal. Teachers increasingly incorporate IS into pedagogy, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic. Benefits include enhanced student engagement, personalized learning, administrative efficiency, and expanded access in remote areas. However, challenges persist, including infrastructure disparities, uneven teacher training, curricular misalignments, and socio-economic divides. Case studies from remote island schools, model urban schools, and international collaborations demonstrate effective IS use. Greece’s initiatives align closely with EU strategies, leveraging EU funding and policy frameworks. Conclusion: The digital transformation of Greek primary education has made substantial progress, offering improved educational quality and inclusivity. Continued efforts in teacher training, infrastructure upgrades, policy consistency, and stakeholder engagement are essential to fully realize the potential of IS. The Greek experience contributes valuable insights to the broader European context of educational digitalization.